Its Placements days......
Quants tests are always taken during placements in companies like TCS, Infosys, Wipro, Samsung etc.....
so i am with some problems based on costs calculation and tallying collected from various websites.
this may be usefull...
Question 1
Santosh Iyer had Rs.35 with him and he went for shopping. Vendor was selling one apple for Rs.5, two bananas for Rs.5 and three guavas for Rs. 5. If Santosh Iyer wants to give equal number of fruits to three of his friends what is the combination (for each of his friends) in which he can buy and give fruits?
a) Two apples, two bananas and two guavas
b) One apple, two bananas and one guava
c) Three apples, two bananas, two guavas
d) None of these.
Answer : b) One apple, two bananas and one guava
Solution :
Cost Observations :
Cost of 1 apple = Rs. 5
Cost of 2 bananas = Rs. 5. Therefore cost of 1 banana = Rs. 5/2
Cost of 3 guavas = Rs. 5. Therefore cost of 1 guava = Rs. 5/3
Now its time to inspect option by option, if the total money spent tallies with the amount originally had.
i) Consider Option a) 2 Apples, 2 Bananas, 2 Guavas
If a combination 2 apples, 2 bananas and 2 guavas are given to each friend (totally 3 friends), he would have to buy 2 x 3 = 6 apples, 2 x 3 = 6 bananas and 2 x 3 = 6 guavas
Total Cost = 6 apples x Cost of 1 apple + 6 bananas x Cost of 1 banana + 6 guavas x Cost of 1 guava
= 6 x 5 + 6 x 5/2 + 6 x 5/3 = 30 + 15 + 10 = Rs .55
But Rs. 55 is not equal to Rs. 35 which Santosh had initially. Therefore, option a cannot be the right answer.
ii) Consider Option b) 1 Apple, 2 Bananas and 1 Guava
If option b combination is given to each of his friends, in total he would have to buy 3 apples, 6 bananas and 3 guavas.
Total Cost = 3 apples x Cost of 1 apple + 6 bananas x Cost of 1 banana + 3 guavas x Cost of 1 guava
= 3 x 5 + 6 x 5/2 + 3 x 5/3 = 15 + 15 + 5 = Rs. 35
Here, Total cost Rs. 35 tallies perfectly with the amount of Rs. 35 that Santosh had initially. Therefore, option b is correct.
Question 2
Srinisha went to a leading stationery shop for buying gifts for her four friends—Two pens cost Rs.40, each eraser costs Rs.15 and two sharpeners are sold for Rs.12.50. Srinisha had Rs.300 with her. In which combination she can buy these items so that she can present her friends equal number of pens, sharpeners and erasers?
a) Two pens, one eraser and one sharpener
b) One pen, two erasers and four sharpeners
c) One pen, four erasers and two sharpeners
d) Two pens, Two erasers and two sharpeners
Answer : b) One pen, two erasers and four sharpeners
Solution :
This question is very similar to question number 1.
Cost Observations :
Cost of 1 pen = Rs. 40/2 = Rs. 20
Cost of 1 eraser = Rs. 15
Cost of 1 sharpener = Rs. 12.5/2
Consider option a) 2 pens, 1 eraser, 1 sharpener
If option a) combination is to be given to each of her 4 friends, she should buy 8 pens, 4 erasers and 4 sharpeners
Total Cost = 8 pens x Cost of 1 pen + 4 erasers x Cost of 1 eraser + 4 sharpeners x Cost of 1 sharpener
= 8 x 20 + 4 x 15 + 4 x 12.5/2 = Rs. 465
But Rs. 465 is not equal to Rs. 300 which Srinisha had initially. Therefore, option a is not correct.
Consider option b) 1 pen, 2 erasers and 4 sharpeners
For 4 friends, she should buy 4 pens, 8 erasers and 16 sharpeners.
Total Cost = 4 pens x Cost of 1 pen + 8 erasers x Cost of 1 eraser + 16 sharpeners x Cost of 1 sharpener
= 4 x 20 + 8 x 15 + 16 x 12.5/2 = Rs. 300
Total cost of Rs. 300 matches perfectly with Rs. 300 that Srinisha had initially. Hence, option b is correct.
Question 3
Pragathi won Super Singer Contest and wanted to give fruits to her five friends equal number of each fruits. In what combination can she purchase and give if she has Rs.1175 with her.? -- 4 Papayas cost Rs. 100, One avocado costs Rs. 62.50, ten apples cost Rs.300.
a) One papaya, two avocados, 2 apples
b) Two papayas, two avocados, 1 apple
c) Two papayas, 2 avocados, 2 apples
d) Three apples, two avocados, 2 apples.
Answer : c) Two papayas, 2 avocados, 2 apples
Solution :
Cost Observations :
One papaya costs Rs. 25
One avocado costs Rs. 62.50
One apple costs Rs. 30
Consider option a) 1 papaya, 2 avocado, 2 apples
To give the above combination to each of her 5 friends, she should buy 5 papayas, 10 avocados and 10 apples
Total Cost = 5 papayas x Cost of 1 papaya + 10 avocados x Cost of 1 avocados + 10 apples x Cost of 1 apple
= 5 x 25 + 10 x 62.5 + 10 x 30 = Rs. 1050
But Rs. 1050 is not equal to Rs. 1175, which she had initially. Hence, option a is not correct.
Consider option b) 2 papayas, 2 avocados, 1 apple
To give the above combination to each of her 5 friends, she should buy 10 papayas, 10 avocados and 5 apples
Total Cost = 10 papayas x Cost of 1 papaya + 10 avocados x Cost of 1 avocados + 5 apples x Cost of 1 apple
= 10 x 25 + 10 x 62.5 + 5 x 30 = Rs. 1025
But Rs. 1025 is not equal to Rs. 1175, which she had initially. Hence, option b is not correct.
Consider option c) 2 papayas, 2 avocados, 2 apples
To give the above combination to each of her 5 friends, she should buy 10 papayas, 10 avocados and 10 apples
Total Cost = 10 papayas x Cost of 1 papaya + 10 avocados x Cost of 1 avocados + 10 apples x Cost of 1 apple
= 10 x 25 + 10 x 62.5 + 10 x 30 = Rs. 1175
Total cost is exactly equal to Rs. 1175, which she had initially. Hence, option c is correct.
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